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Music of Ethiopia
The music of Ethiopia is extremely diverse, with each of Ethiopia's ethnic groups being associated with unique sounds. Some forms of traditional music are strongly influenced by folk music from elsewhere in the Horn of Africa. However, Ethiopian religious music also has an ancient Christian element, traced to Yared, who lived during the reign of Gabra Masqal. In northeastern Ethiopia, in Wollo, a Muslim musical form called manzuma developed. Sung in Amharic, manzuma has spread to Harar and Jimma, where it is now sung in the Oromo language. In the Ethiopian Highlands, traditional secular music is played by mostly itinerant musicians called ''azmaris'', who are regarded with respect in Ethiopian society.
==Music theory==
Ethiopian music uses a distinct modal system that is pentatonic, with characteristically long intervals between some notes. As with many other aspects of Ethiopian culture and tradition, tastes in music and lyrics are strongly linked with those in neighboring Eritrea, Somalia, Djibouti and Sudan.
The music of the highlands uses a fundamental modal system called ''qenet'', of which there are four main modes: ''tezeta'', ''bati'', ''ambassel'', and ''anchihoy''.〔〕 Three additional modes are variations on the above: tezeta minor, bati major, and bati minor.〔Abatte Barihun, liner notes of the album Ras Deshen, 200.〕 Some songs take the name of their qenet, such as tizita, a song of reminiscence.〔 When played on traditional instruments, these modes are generally not tempered (that is, the pitches may deviate slightly from the Western-tempered tuning system), but when played on Western instruments such as pianos and guitars, they are played using the Western-tempered tuning system.
Music in the Ethiopian highlands is generally monophonic or heterophonic.〔 In certain southern areas, some music is polyphonic. Dorze polyphonic singing (''edho'') may employ up to five parts; Majangir, four parts.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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